![]() ![]() The most widely used mouse model of colitis employs dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), a chemical colitogen with anticoagulant properties, to induce epithelial damage. These various models can be grouped into categories broadly defined as spontaneous colitis, chemically inducible colitis, genetically modified and adoptive transfer models. These models have become an indispensable tool to elucidate the histopathological, immunological and morphological changes in the intestinal tract and potential therapeutic targets. While no single model has proven to sufficiently represent the complexity of the clinical and histopathological characteristics of human disease, the collective data obtained from these various animal models have provided a more detailed understanding of the underlying principles of human IBD pathogenesis. ![]() ![]() These animal models have provided meaningful and indispensable insights into the histopathological and morphological changes in the intestinal tract related to the pathogenesis of human IBD. A convenient and time honored approach to study the pathogenesis and complexity of human IBD has been the development of a variety of animal models. IBD can be debilitating and sometimes leads to life-threatening complications. Both usually involve severe diarrhea, pain, fatigue and weight loss. Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the principal types of IBD. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine caused by a dysregulated immune response. In this manuscript, we review the newer publicized advances of research in murine colitis models that focus upon the disruption of the barrier function of the intestine, effects of mucin on the development of colitis, alterations found in microbial balance and resultant changes in the metabolome specifically in the DSS colitis murine model and its relation to the pathogenesis of IBD. The DSS colitis model in IBD research has advantages over other various chemically induced experimental models due to its rapidity, simplicity, reproducibility and controllability. The most widely used experimental model employs dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to induce epithelial damage. To investigate the pathogenesis and etiology of human IBD, various animal models of IBD have been developed that provided indispensable insights into the histopathological and morphological changes as well as factors associated with the pathogenesis of IBD and evaluation of therapeutic options in the last few decades. The exact etiology is not fully understood, but it is accepted that it occurs when an inappropriate aggressive inflammatory response in a genetically susceptible host due to inciting environmental factors occurs. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are complex diseases that result from the chronic dysregulated immune response in the gastrointestinal tract. ![]()
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